據(jù)能源世界網(wǎng)6月15日倫敦報(bào)道，根據(jù)綠色能源政策網(wǎng)絡(luò)REN21周二發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告顯示，盡管可再生能源成本不斷下降，各國(guó)政府也面臨應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的壓力，但化石燃料在全球能源結(jié)構(gòu)中所占的份額與10年前一樣高。

　　據(jù)該報(bào)告稱，由于全球能源需求不斷上升，對(duì)新化石燃料工廠的持續(xù)消費(fèi)和投資，以及生物質(zhì)能源(如木材或農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物)在取暖和烹飪方面的使用減少，化石燃料的使用一直持續(xù)。

　　燃燒煤、天然氣和石油等化石燃料會(huì)產(chǎn)生二氧化碳，這是導(dǎo)致全球變暖的主要溫室氣體。

　　隨著大氣中二氧化碳排放濃度升至創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄水平，要求各國(guó)政府大幅削減排放、限制使用化石燃料以實(shí)現(xiàn)全球氣候目標(biāo)的呼聲也越來(lái)越高。

　　該報(bào)告表示，REN21網(wǎng)顯示，2019年化石燃料在全球能源結(jié)構(gòu)中的比重為80.2%，2009年為80.3%；而風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能等可再生能源2019年和2009年分別占能源結(jié)構(gòu)的11.2%和8.7%。

　　其余的能源組合包括傳統(tǒng)的生物質(zhì)，在發(fā)展中國(guó)家主要用于做飯或取暖。

　　然而，在許多地區(qū)，包括歐盟、印度和美國(guó)的部分地區(qū)，現(xiàn)在建設(shè)新的風(fēng)能或太陽(yáng)能光伏電站比運(yùn)營(yíng)現(xiàn)有的燃煤電廠更便宜。

　　該報(bào)告稱，在許多地方，可再生能源在成本上也超過(guò)了新的天然氣發(fā)電廠，是各大洲國(guó)家最便宜的新發(fā)電來(lái)源。

　　REN21的執(zhí)行董事Rana Adib表示，我們正意識(shí)到一個(gè)痛苦的現(xiàn)實(shí)，過(guò)去十年的氣候政策承諾大多只是空話。化石燃料在最終能源消費(fèi)中所占的份額沒(méi)有任何變化。

　　在許多國(guó)家，新冠肺炎經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇方案旨在刺激對(duì)可再生能源的進(jìn)一步投資。但該報(bào)告補(bǔ)充稱，可再生能源投資僅占化石燃料投資的六分之一左右。

　　郝芬 譯自 能源世界網(wǎng)

　　原文如下：

　　Global fossil fuel use similar to decade ago in energy mix, report says

　　The share of fossil fuels in the world's total energy mix is as high as a decade ago, despite the falling cost of renewables and pressure on governments to act on climate change, a report by green energy policy network REN21 showed on Tuesday.

　　Fossil fuel use has persisted amid rising global energy demand, continued consumption and investment in new fossil fuel plants, and lower use of biomass energy -- such as wood or agricultural waste -- in heating and cooking, the report said.

　　Burning fossil fuels such as coal, gas and oil creates carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas which contributes to global warming.

　　As the atmospheric concentration of CO2 emissions has grown to record levels, calls have grown for governments to make steeper emissions cuts and curb the use of fossil fuels to meet global climate goals.

　　REN21 said the share of fossil fuels in the global energy mix was 80.2% in 2019, compared to 80.3% in 2009, while renewables such as wind and solar made up 11.2% of the energy mix in 2019 and 8.7% in 2009, the report said.

　　The rest of the energy mix comprises traditional biomass, used largely to cook or heat homes in developing countries.

　　Yet, in many regions, including parts of the European Union, India and the United States, it is now cheaper to build new wind or solar photovoltaic plants than to operate existing coal plants.

　　Renewables also are outcompeting new natural gas-fired power plants on cost in many locations, and are the cheapest sources of new electricity generation in countries across all major continents, the report said.

　　"We are waking up to the bitter reality that the climate policy promises over the past ten years have mostly been empty words," said Rana Adib, REN21's executive director.

　　"The share of fossil fuels in final energy consumption has not moved by an inch," she added.

　　In many countries, COVID-19 economic recovery packages aim to stimulate further investment in renewable energy. But renewable investments are only around one-sixth of fossil fuel investments, the report added.

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