據(jù)彭博新聞社2023年1月29日報(bào)道，彭博新能源財(cái)經(jīng)（BNEF）在其《2023年能源轉(zhuǎn)型投資趨勢》報(bào)告中表示，2022年全球?qū)η鍧嵞茉崔D(zhuǎn)型的投資達(dá)到1.1萬億美元，大致相當(dāng)于對化石燃料生產(chǎn)的投資。2022年以前用于轉(zhuǎn)向可再生電力、電動汽車和氫氣等新能源的支出從未超過1萬億美元。

雖然這一數(shù)字比2021年增長了31%，但仍然只是削減溫室氣體排放和應(yīng)對全球變暖所需的投資的一小部分。BNEF估計(jì)，在本十年的剩余時(shí)間里，每年在轉(zhuǎn)型方面的投資必須增加兩倍，才能讓世界有機(jī)會在2050年前實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零排放。

太陽能發(fā)電和風(fēng)力發(fā)電在2022年的綠色投資中占比最大，達(dá)到4950億美元，比前一年增長17%。電動汽車投資緊隨其后，投資金額為4660億美元，而且全球電動汽車投資的增長速度要快得多，達(dá)到54%。全球能源轉(zhuǎn)型投資的近一半(5460億美元)在全球能源消費(fèi)最大國，而美國以1410億美元位居第二。如果歐盟作為一個(gè)單一實(shí)體計(jì)算，歐盟將以1800億美元的投資排名第二。

據(jù)BNEF稱，這1.1萬億美元的綠色投資包括投資部署清潔能源技術(shù)的資金。這還不包括去年全球用于擴(kuò)大和加強(qiáng)電網(wǎng)的2740億美元，投資清潔能源供應(yīng)鏈和制造業(yè)的790億美元，以及清潔技術(shù)公司籌集的1190億美元股權(quán)融資。加在一起，用于轉(zhuǎn)型的綠色投資總額將上升到約1.6萬億美元。

清潔能源投資基本上與化石燃料投資掛鉤，這一點(diǎn)值得注意，因?yàn)樵?022年，對老舊、污染能源的投資有所上升。根據(jù)BNEF公布的數(shù)據(jù)，在高油價(jià)的推動下，全球?qū)υ撔袠I(yè)的投資大幅攀升了2140億美元。

李峻 編譯自 彭博新聞社

原文如下：

$1 Trillion Green Investment Matches Fossil Fuels For First Time

Global investments in the clean energy transition hit $1.1 trillion in 2022, roughly equal to the amount invested in fossil fuel production, the research firm said in its “Energy Transition Investment Trends 2023” report. Never before has the amount spent on switching to renewable power, electric cars and new energy sources like hydrogen topped $1 trillion.

While the amount represents a 31% jump from 2021, it’s still just a fraction of what’s needed to slash greenhouse gas emissions and fight global warming. BNEF estimates annual investments in the transition must triple for the rest of this decade to give the world a shot at reaching net-zero emissions by 2050.

Solar and wind power accounted for the biggest chunk of 2022 investments, reaching $495 billion, a 17% increase from the previous year. But electric vehicles came in close behind, with $466 billion, and the amount invested in them worldwide is growing far faster, at 54%. Nearly half of all global energy transition investments — $546 billion — were in the global larggest consumer, while the US came in second at $141 billion. (Had BNEF counted the European Union as a single entity, it would have ranked second, with $180 billion.)

The $1.1 trillion covers money invested in deploying clean-energy technologies, according to BNEF. It does not include $274 billion spent worldwide last year on expanding and strengthening power grids, $79 billion invested in clean-energy supply chains and manufacturing or $119 billion in equity financing raised by clean-tech companies. Added together, the amount invested in the transition rises to about $1.6 trillion.

That clean power investments essentially tied those in fossil fuels is notable considering investments in those older, polluting energy sources rose in 2022. Driven by high fuel prices, worldwide investment in the sector climbed a substantial $214 billion, according to BNEF.