據《石油世界期刊》7月16日休斯頓報道，兩家公司7月15日表示，英國石油公司(BP)即將向墨西哥太平洋海岸的Sempra的Energia Costa Azul接收終端交付其首批被稱為碳中和液化天然氣貨物。

　　他們在一份聯合聲明中表示，根據兩家公司達成的協議，這批貨物預計將于7月16日抵達。Sempra正在現有的再氣化終端上建設一個液化天然氣出口設施。

　　隨著全球向使用更多清潔燃料過渡，能源公司在過去一年中推出了一系列量化或減少碳排放的舉措，此次交付是其中的一部分。盡管未來幾十年，大多數公司將繼續從事化石燃料生產，但它們希望保持現有的業務關系，并與有氣候意識的客戶建立新的業務關系。

　　英國石油和殼牌沒有指明運載碳中和液化天然氣貨物的船只;普氏貿易流軟件cFlow顯示了巴哈加利福尼亞半島附近的部分裝載液化天然氣油輪Arwa Spirit和裝載液化天然氣油輪BW Helios。

　　兩家公司表示，液化天然氣貨物從井口到卸貨終端所產生的二氧化碳和甲烷排放量將通過減少相應數量的碳信用額來抵消，這些碳信用額來自英國石油公司投資組合中的一個墨西哥造林項目。該聲明沒有明確表示是否所有的排放將被抵消，使這些貨物成為碳中性。

　　這些公司沒有立即回復置評請求的信息。

　　這將是英國石油公司新產品的首批交付，也是Sempra向墨西哥出口的首批碳中和液化天然氣貨物。

　　其他能源公司一直在追求碳中和或碳抵消的貨物，提升被視為負責任的天然氣來源，或考慮碳捕獲和封存項目，以遏制溫室氣體排放。

　　今年4月，切尼爾(Cheniere)向歐洲交付了其所稱的碳中性液化天然氣貨物，這些貨物是供應給殼牌的，殼牌是切尼爾在路易斯安那州薩賓帕斯(Sabine Pass)液化工廠的客戶。最近，殼牌與中石油簽署了一項提供碳中性液化天然氣的五年協議。

　　英國石油公司曾表示，其目標是到2050年或更早成為一家凈零公司。Sempra已經設定了一個目標，即在溫室氣體排放強度比2020年基線低20%的情況下運營其現有的液化天然氣基礎設施。除了BP的碳抵消貨物，根據BP及其合作伙伴在印度尼西亞Tangguh液化天然氣的長期銷售和購買協議，Energia Costa Azul設施每年將繼續接收多批液化天然氣貨物。

　　除了Energia Costa Azul, Sempra還在路易斯安那州運營卡梅隆(Cameron)液化天然氣出口設施。在德克薩斯州阿瑟港(Port Arthur)附近建造出口設施還未批準。

　　郝芬 譯自 石油世界期刊

　　原文如下：

　　BP send first carbon-offset LNG cargo to Sempra terminal in Mexico

　　BP was nearing delivery of what was described as its first carbon-offset LNG cargo to Sempra's Energia Costa Azul receiving terminal on Mexico's Pacific Coast, the companies said July 15.

　　The cargo, shipped under an agreement reached between the companies, was expected to arrive July 16, they said in a joint statement. Sempra is building an LNG export facility at the site of the existing regasification terminal.

　　The delivery is part of a flurry of initiatives energy companies have launched over the last year to quantify or reduce their carbon emissions amid the global transition to greater use of cleaner-burning fuels. While most of the companies will continue to engage in fossil fuel production for decades to come, they hope to preserve existing business relationships and build new ones with climate-conscious customers.

　　BP and Shell didn't name the vessel carrying the carbon-offset LNG cargo; cFlow, Platts trade flow software, showed the partly laden LNG tanker Arwa Spirit and laden LNG tanker BW Helios near the Baja California peninsula.

　　The estimated carbon dioxide and methane emissions associated with the LNG cargo, from wellhead to discharge terminal, will be offset by retiring a corresponding amount of carbon credits, sourced from a Mexican afforestation project from BP's portfolio, the companies said. The statement did not make clear whether all of the emissions would be offset, to render the cargo as carbon neutral.

　　The companies did not immediately respond to messages seeking comment.

　　It was to be the first delivery under BP's new offering and Sempra's first carbon offset LNG cargo import to Mexico.

　　Other energy companies have been pursuing carbon-neutral or carbon-offset cargoes, lifting gas deemed responsibly sourced or considering carbon capture and sequestration projects to curb GHG emissions.

　　In April, Cheniere delivered to Europe what it described as a carbon neutral LNG cargo that was supplied to Shell, a foundation customer of Cheniere's Sabine Pass liquefaction facility in Louisiana. More recently, Shell signed a five-year agreement with PetroChina for the supply of carbon-neutral LNG.

　　BP has said its goal is to be a net-zero company by 2050 or sooner. Sempra has set a target to operate its existing LNG infrastructure at a GHG emissions intensity 20% less than its 2020 baseline. Aside from the BP carbon-offset cargo, the Energia Costa Azul facility will continue to receive multiple LNG cargoes each year pursuant to a long-term sales and purchase agreement involving BP and its partners in Indonesia's Tangguh LNG.

　　Besides Energia Costa Azul, Sempra operates the Cameron LNG export facility in Louisiana. It has not yet sanctioned construction of an export facility it has proposed to build near Port Arthur, Texas.

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