據(jù)油價(jià)網(wǎng)3月13日?qǐng)?bào)道稱，2017年，世界銀行承諾將在2019年后停止為上游石油和天然氣項(xiàng)目提供資金。周一，世界銀行的一位官員表示，它可能會(huì)向莫桑比克的天然氣項(xiàng)目提供資金，以確保盡可能使用最便宜的能源。世界銀行的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2020年，莫桑比克只有30.6%的人口能用上電。

世界銀行負(fù)責(zé)東部和南部非洲的副行長(zhǎng)維多利亞·克瓦在周一發(fā)表的一次采訪中告訴彭博社，如果莫桑比克的天然氣項(xiàng)目成本是最便宜的，世界銀行可能會(huì)對(duì)其提供資金，以確保獲得更多的能源。

早在2017年，世界銀行集團(tuán)就表示，2019年后將不再為上游石油和天然氣提供融資。但該組織指出：“在特殊情況下，將考慮為最貧窮國(guó)家的上游天然氣提供資金，這些國(guó)家在為窮人提供能源方面有明顯的好處，而且該項(xiàng)目符合各國(guó)的《巴黎協(xié)定》承諾。”

根據(jù)世界銀行的數(shù)據(jù)，在全球最貧窮的國(guó)家之一、低收入的莫桑比克，2020年約3200萬(wàn)人口中有30.6%的人能用上電。

克瓦告訴彭博社，如果莫桑比克的上游天然氣開發(fā)是成本最低的資源，可以讓更多的人獲得電力，并通過出口幫助其他國(guó)家減少煤炭等污染更大的能源，世界銀行可以支持莫桑比克的上游氣開發(fā)。

克瓦在訪問莫桑比克時(shí)告訴彭博社：“我對(duì)莫桑比克天然氣資產(chǎn)的感覺是，它可以在全球轉(zhuǎn)型中發(fā)揮重要作用。”

“我們看到，莫桑比克的大部分天然氣已經(jīng)出口到歐洲，因此歐洲正在從莫桑比克的天然氣中受益，并防止歐洲恢復(fù)使用不太清潔的能源。”

國(guó)際石油巨頭在莫桑比克近海有幾個(gè)項(xiàng)目，近年來在那里發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量天然氣。來自非洲的液化天然氣（LNG）是歐盟替代管道供應(yīng)的選項(xiàng)之一。

但意大利埃尼集團(tuán)于去年11月開始從莫桑比克近海羅武馬盆地超深水區(qū)的珊瑚氣田出口液化天然氣。

埃尼集團(tuán)首席執(zhí)行官克勞迪奧·德斯卡齊表示：“Coral South項(xiàng)目和莫桑比克的第一批液化天然氣是埃尼集團(tuán)利用天然氣作為能源的戰(zhàn)略中的一個(gè)新的重要步驟，它可以通過供應(yīng)的日益多樣化，對(duì)歐洲的能源安全作出重大貢獻(xiàn)，同時(shí)也支持公正和可持續(xù)的轉(zhuǎn)型。”

梁金燕 譯自 油價(jià)網(wǎng)

原文如下：

The World Bank May Return To Financing Natural Gas Projects

In 2017, the World Bank pledged that it would stop funding upstream oil and gas projects after 2019.On Monday, a World Bank official said that it could be open to funding natural gas projects in Mozambique to ensure the cheapest energy possible.

World Bank data showed that only 30.6% of Mozambique's population had access to electricity in 2020.

The World Bank could be open to funding gas projects in Mozambique to ensure greater energy access if the costs are the cheapest among energy sources, Victoria Kwakwa, World Bank Vice President for Eastern and Southern Africa, told Bloomberg in an interview published on Monday.

Back in 2017, the World Bank Group said it would no longer finance upstream oil and gas after 2019. But the group noted that “In exceptional circumstances, consideration will be given to financing upstream gas in the poorest countries where there is a clear benefit in terms of energy access for the poor and the project fits within the countries’ Paris Agreement commitments.”  

In low-income Mozambique, one of the poorest countries globally, 30.6% of the population of around 32 million people had access to electricity in 2020, per World Bank data.

Kwakwa told Bloomberg that the World Bank could support Mozambique’s upstream gas development if that is the lowest-cost resource to have more people gain access to electricity and help other countries, via exports, to cut back on more polluting energy sources such as coal.

“My sense of Mozambique’s natural gas assets is that it can play an important role for the global transition,” Kwakwa told Bloomberg while on a visit to Mozambique.

“We are seeing that already most of Mozambique’s gas is being exported to Europe, so Europe is benefiting from Mozambique’s gas and keeps Europe also from reverting to less clean energy sources.”

International oil majors have several projects offshore Mozambique, where large volumes of gas have been discovered in recent years. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) from Africa is one of the EU’s options to replace pipeline supply.

But Italy’s Eni in November started LNG exports from the Coral gas field in the ultra-deep waters of the Rovuma Basin offshore Mozambique.

“The first shipment of LNG from Coral South project, and from Mozambique, is a new and significant step forward in Eni’s strategy to leverage gas as a source that can contribute in a significant way to Europe’s energy security, also through the increasing diversification of supplies, while also supporting a just and sustainable transition,” Eni’s CEO Claudio Descalzi said.